ScalingDepth

Depth is a scaling axis — if your residuals let it be.

Discover, compare, and contribute to cutting-edge residual connections designed for large-scale deep learning and depth scaling.

–residual designs collected
–design families
–designs from 2025–26
–analysis & theory papers
Community Hub

ScalingDepth

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Unified collection

Each method comes with a one-line update rule in shared notation, so you can see how the designs differ at a glance.

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Controlled comparisons

DepthBench compares designs at a fixed parameter count across width–depth ratios, with open code and checkpoints.

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Community-driven

New method, follow-up, or analysis paper? Add one entry to a data file and open a PR, and the site updates.

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The collection

Families of residual connections

Every method is one answer to the same question: how should layer l read from, and write to, the representations of the layers before it?

A short history

From identity shortcuts to attention over depth

2015Highway Networks & ResNet. The identity shortcut makes 100+ layers trainable.
2017Post-LN Transformer. DenseNet shows the value of dense cross-layer reuse.
2020Pre-LN, ReZero, Admin, Fixup. Training stability at depth.
2022DeepNorm scales Post-LN Transformers to 1,000 layers.
2023–25Depth-µP, CompleteP, Hyper-Connections, DenseFormer, mHC. Depth parametrization and richer residual streams.
2026AttnRes, MoDA, KEEL, SiameseNorm, KiteNorm. Attention over depth and Post-LN revisited.
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Help us map the residual design space

Contribute methods, reproduce benchmark results, or share analysis of how deep layers are really used.